Manic and Depressive Attacks of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder is a mental condition that affects and swings the moods of a person. Bipolar Disorder is also called Manic-Depressive Illness because an affected person’s mood can have attacks of mania (extreme high) or depression (extreme low).  These episodes are more severe than the regular highs and lows of happiness and sadness of an unaffected individual.

During a manic attack, the following symptoms may be present: extra energy, a diminished need for sleep, superhuman feelings, increased sex drive, restlessness, racing thoughts or speech, low attention span, irritability, euphoria, an excessive need to spend money, and delusions.

During a depressive attack, the following symptoms may be present: feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, loss of appetite, inability to sleep, disinterest in activities, weight-loss, thoughts of suicide, lack of personal hygiene, slow speech, a lack of good judgment, decreased energy, and feelings of worthlessness

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders states that the manic and depressive episodes cannot be the result of substance abuse or other medical conditions in order to be classified as Bipolar Disorder.  An episode is considered manic if the mood is elevated for most of the hours during a day for at least one week during which at least three of the above listed symptoms are present.  An episode is considered depressive if the mood is elevated for at least two weeks during which at least five of the above listed symptoms are present.  These attacks are impairing and distressing and may require hospitalization or other help.